Decomposing the progressive

In this paper we offer a new analysis of the 'imperfective paradox' (Dowty 1979) in connection with the progressive aspect. The leading idea is to decompose the progressive into four independently needed notions: realization, belief, ability, and intention. Realization requires that if an event e of type P is in progress, then it is possible for e to be part of an evvent e' of type P. A presupposition of the progressive is that if e is a partial realization of event type P, then the speaker at the speech time believes that any other type P' that e is a partial relation of is compatible with P. If e is a partial realization of event type P and has an agent x, then the speaker at the speech time believes that x is able to carry out an event of type P and the speaker does not believe that x does not intend to carry out an event of type P. This analysis of the progressive not only makes the roles of belief, ability, and intention explicit, but it also treats the imperfective paradox without the appeal to otherwise unnecessary notions such 'inertia worlds' (Dowty 1979) or 'continuation branches' (Landman 1992).

Ralf Naumann and Chris Piñón